Medical coverage for smoking related diseases

In the work place, some issues have been arising with the questions about whether the non-smoking employees should pay same medical insurance premium with the smoking employee.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Medical coverage for smoking related diseases specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The argument is that smoking employees should pay a premium to cover their smoking related treatment. This issue has been a point of concern since the 1980s and has remained to be an issue to date. The reasoning from the either side involve economic arguments which a complex and maybe hard to comprehend. However, one of the most oblivious reasons is that it is a deterrent to this behavior, which is harmful to the life of the smoker. The main aim of this paper is to examine the real situation, analyze the fact and propose a reason concerning the matter based on the available facts and opinions. Breadth of the issue One of the most important points to note under this is that this is not an issue of smokers and non-smokers. By extension, it involves everyone who undertakes a life endangering activity knowingly. Therefore, the implication made by the proponents that this is an important step towards eliminating smoking reflects a shortsighted argument. It is oblivious that, if this was to be passed as rule, the soon or later people who engage in dangerous sporting activities will have to pay for their medical coverage in case of injury (Khalid 32; Garfield 16). Furthermore, it will also imply that people who attempt suicide also will have to pay for their medical and rehabilitation fees. This is not yet all the implication of this argument but its gravity is from this point clearer.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Even though proponents may ask why smokers continue to smoke yet they know the harmful effects of tobacco, it is not always healthy to lay all the blame on their shoulders. This has an implication also on the performance of the public health ministry. It is the mandate of this ministry to conduct public awareness programs and to educate the public on the dangers of some behaviors (Hayry and Hayry 34). Continued smoking by the public is a measure on how this ministry has been performing. This means that, in as much as smokers continue to smoke despite the dangers of smoking, it is the responsibility of the government to educate them about smoking, in which it has failed terribly. Ethical and legal issues One of the most popular arguments among the proponents of this topic is that there is a moral obligation between the doctor and the patient is to promote health- something valued by both parties, and therefore, such a relationship should attract allegiance from both parties otherwise, either party can withdraw from the relationship. First, the assumption that patients place t he same value on health as doctors is vague. Given their profession and training, doctors place highest value on health than anybody else in the society. On the other hand, other people value other thing like money and pleasure than health (Underwood and Bailey 54). From this point of view, the argument that most people see doctors to avoid suffering rather than be healthy is valid. Since the value placed by both parties on health is questionable, then the moral obligation based on this measure is questionable too. A keen analysis reveals that, due to the conflicting values between doctors and patients, the issue of who should receive treatment should lie in the hands of the state and not the doctors.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Medical coverage for smoking related diseases specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The questions hear is whether a person’s behavior will cause them to lose their rightful access to equal medical care. In as much as the state give rights and takes them under certain circumstance, it is important to note that fundamental rights are involved in this case- the right to life (Goodin 58). In other parts of the law, there are basic provisions by the law for people who have committed a criminal offence like fair trial. In medical practice, health is a basic right that regardless of the behavior of the patient and therefore health care services are basic provisions in this regard. Another ethical issue is the fact that one person in their behavior should not endanger the lives of others and where possible, appropriate legislation is necessary. Smokers may endanger lives of others as they may spend many medical resources with their operations at the expense of other patients (Mamode 14). The question is should the doctors use discretion to maximize the well-being of the greater group as opposed to one patient? However, any national health system should acknowledge th at unlike the utilitarian belief that individual rights are forfeitable for the benefit of a bigger group, the financial risks of bad health should be borne by the society as a whole. This would therefore discourage such a sacrifice. Economic reasoning Any nationalized health system seeks to eliminate the disparity between the poor and the rich. If smokers were to pay for their smoking-related medical bills, the rich will pay but the poor will die. However, this will mean more than just that. The drinkers will pay for their bills, reckless drivers and such like (Hayry and Hayry 36). This is a rational utilitarian thought though not well calculated. This will encourage more smoking because soon or later, everyone will die for one reason or another regardless of the person’s promptness in following the doctor’s advice. With regard to the medical expenditure to the society, there is evidence that, by comparing the medical costs to the society by smokers and non-smoker, th e difference may be insignificant.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In fact, smokers save the government money by dying early. Research has shown that smoking causes a few problems during the productive years of a person’s life span. It results then that those people die even before they start benefiting from their pensions leaving the non-smoker to enjoy their contributions (Weinkam and Rosenbaum 28). Therefore, government should not forget the financial benefits the tobacco industry brings to them. Another point that proponents seem oblivious of is the other habits that smokers would engage in supposing smoking did not exist and the cost of such behaviors to the state (Hayry and Hayry 34). Therefore, it turns out that denying smokers their medical care on basis of cost to state would extinguish individual rights and if such were on utility basis, then it would encourage smoking. Conclusion Despite the long time that this topic has been out debate, the two sides have not yet come to terms on what is the best practice concerning this issue. O vertime, the reaction to this is that the government tries to change the rules after the game has become. The proponents in this issue have continuously presented half-baked propositional which have failed to provide reasonable grounds for the enactment of regulations regarding the treatment of smokers. Therefore, the resole to date remains holding any restrictions to the issue. Works Cited Garfield, John. â€Å"Let the health authority take the responsibility.† British medical  Journal. 306 (1993): 1050. Web. Goodin, Roner. â€Å"The ethics of smoking.† Ethics. 99 (1989): 574-624. Web. Hayry, Heta and Matti Hayry. â€Å"Utilitarianism, human rights and the redistribution of health through preventative medical measures.† Journal of applied philosophy. 6, 1(1989): 43-51. Print. Khalid, Mohamed. â€Å"Denying treatment is indefensible.†British medical journal. 306 (1993):1408. Web. Mamode, Neal. â€Å"Denying access is more costly.† British medical journal. 306 (1993): 1408. Web. Underwood, Michael and John Bailey. â€Å"Should smokers be offered coronary bypass surgery?† British medical journal. 306 (1993):1047-1050. Web. Weinkam, James and Wilf Rosenbaum. â€Å"Smoking and hospital utilization.† Social  science and medicine. 24 (1987): 983-986. Web. This essay on Medical coverage for smoking related diseases was written and submitted by user Eliza Hogan to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here. Medical coverage for smoking related diseases Table of Contents Breadth of the issue Ethical and legal issues Economic reasoning Conclusion References In the work place, some issues have been arising with the questions about whether the non-smoking employees should pay same medical insurance premium with the smoking employees. The argument is that smoking employees should pay a premium to cover their smoking related treatment. This issue has been a point of concern since the 1980s and has remained up to date. Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Medical coverage for smoking related diseases specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The reasoning from the either side involves economic arguments, which are complex and maybe hard to comprehend. However, one of the most oblivious reasons is that it is a deterrent to this behavior, which is harmful to the life of the smoker. The main aim of this paper is to examine the real situation, analyze the fact and propose a reason concerning the matter based on the available facts and opinions. Breadth of the issue One of the most important points to note under this is that this is not an issue of smokers and non-smokers. By extension, it involves everyone who undertakes a life endangering activity knowingly. Therefore, the implication made by the proponents is that this is an important step towards eliminating smoking reflects a shortsighted argument. If this was to become a rule, eventually the people who engage in dangerous sporting activities will have to pay for their medical coverage in case of injury (Khalid, 1993; Garfield, 1993). Furthermore, it will also imply that people who attempt suicide also will have to pay for their medical and rehabilitation fees. This is not the entire implication of the argument. Even though proponents may ask why smokers continue to smoke yet they know the harmful effects of tobacco, it is not always healthy to lay all the blame on their shoulders. This has an implicati on also on the performance of the public health ministry. It is the mandate of this ministry to conduct public awareness programs and to educate the public on the dangers of some behaviors (Hayry, H. Hayry, M., 1989). Continued smoking by the public is a measure on how this ministry has been performing. This means that, in as much as smokers continue to smoke despite the dangers of smoking, it is the responsibility of the government to educate them about smoking, in which it has failed terribly. Ethical and legal issues One of the most popular arguments among the proponents of this topic is that there is a moral obligation between the doctor and the patient is to promote health- something valued by both parties, and therefore, such a relationship should attract allegiance from both parties otherwise, either party can withdraw from the relationship. Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn M ore First, the assumption that patients place the same value on health as doctors is vague. Given their profession and training, doctors place highest value on health than anybody else in the society. On the other hand, other people value other things like money and pleasure than health (Underwood Bailey 1993). From this point of view, the argument that most people see doctors to avoid suffering rather than be healthy is valid. Since the value placed by both parties on health is questionable, then the moral obligation based on this measure is questionable too. A keen analysis reveals that, due to the conflicting values between doctors and patients, the issue of who should receive treatment should lie in the hands of the state and not the doctors. The questions hear is whether a person’s behavior will cause them to lose their rightful access to equal medical care. In as much as the state give rights and takes them under certain circumstances, it is important to note that f undamental rights are involved in this case- the right to life (Goodin, 1989, p. 26). In other parts of the law, there are basic provisions by the law for people who have committed a criminal offence like fair trial. In medical practice, health can be regarded as a basic right that regardless of the behavior of the patient, health care should be provided as a basic provision. Another ethical issue is the fact that one person in their behavior should not endanger the lives of others and where possible, this should be enforced by law. Smokers may endanger lives of others as they may spend many medical resources with their operations at the expense of other patients (Mamode, 1993, p. 14). The question is should the doctors use discretion to maximize the well-being of the greater group as opposed to one patient? However, any national health system should acknowledge that unlike the utilitarian belief that individual rights can be sacrificed for the benefit of a bigger group, the financ ial risks of bad health should be borne by the society as a whole. This would therefore discourage such a sacrifice. Economic reasoning Any nationalized health system seeks to eliminate the disparity between the poor and the rich. If smokers were to pay for their smoking-related medical bills, the rich will pay but the poor will die. However, this will mean more than just that. The drunkards will pay for their bills, reckless drivers and such like (Hayry, H. Hayry, M., 1989). Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Medical coverage for smoking related diseases specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This is a rational utilitarian thought though not well calculated. This will encourage more smoking because eventually everyone will die for one reason or another regardless of the person’s promptness in following the doctor’s advice. With regard to the medical expenditure to the society, there is evidence that, by comparing the medical costs to the society caused by smokers and non-smokers, the difference may be insignificant. In fact, smokers save the government money by dying early. Research has shown that smoking causes a few problems during the productive years of a person’s life span. It results then that those people die even before they start benefiting from their pensions leaving the non-smoker to enjoy their contributions (Weinkam Rosenbaum, 1987). Therefore, government should not forget the financial benefits the tobacco industry brings to them. Another point that proponents seem oblivious of is the other habits that smokers would engage in supposing smoking did not exist and the cost of such behaviors to the state (Hayry, H. Hayry, M., 1989). Therefore, it turns out that denying smokers medical care on basis of their medical cost to state would extinguish individual rights and if such is based on utility, then it would encourage smoking. Conclusion Despite the long time t hat this topic has been debated on, the two sides have not yet come to terms on what should be done concerning the issue. Overtime, the reaction to this is that the government tries to change the rules after the game has started. The proponents in this issue have continuously presented half-baked propositions, which have failed to provide reasonable grounds for the enactment of regulations regarding the treatment of smokers. Therefore, the resole to date remains holding any restrictions to the issue. References Garfield, J., (1993). Let the health authority take the responsibility. British medical Journal, 306, 1050. Goodin, R. E., (1989). The ethics of smoking. Ethics, 99,574-624.Advertising Looking for essay on health medicine? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Hayry, H., Hayry, M., (1989). Utilitarianism, human rights and the redistribution of health through preventative medical measures. Journal of applied philosophy, 6(1), 43-51. Khalid, M. I., (1993). Denying treatment is indefensible. British medical journal, 306, (1408), 32-35. Mamode, N., (1993). Denying access is more costly. British medical journal. 306(1408), 36-45. Underwood, M. J., Bailey, J. S., (1993). Should smokers be offered coronary bypass surgery? British medical journal. 306, 1047-1050. Weinkam, J. J., Rosenbaum, W. S., (1987). Smoking and hospital utilization. Social science and medicine, 24, 983-986. This essay on Medical coverage for smoking related diseases was written and submitted by user Christine Berry to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Air Force Training Program Essays

Air Force Training Program Essays Air Force Training Program Essay Air Force Training Program Essay An Air Force introductory course in electronics uses a personalized system of instruction whereby each student views a videotaped lecture and then is given a programmed instruction text. The students work with the text until they have completed the training and passed the test. The pace at which the students complete the course varies and the faster students wait until the others complete before the entire group proceeds further. An alternative system, whereby students viewed the same video-taped lecture and then guided by computer-assisted instruction in place of the programmed text, was proposed. It is the goal of the institute to analyze and compare the efficiencies of both the methods and then to determine the most efficient method of training. Statistical analysis was performed to determine the method that had better pace and consistency of completion. From the analysis, it was concluded that the computer-assisted method enabled more students to complete the course together than before but not sooner on an average. Additional data and a more effective method of testing is required in order to predict more accurately the efficient method that can be used as the training program in the future. CASE BACKGROUND An Air Force training institute had conducted a study in order to evaluate efficiency of their proposed computer-assisted training method for the introductory course in electronics. To compare the proposed and the current methods of instruction, an entering class of 122 students was assigned randomly to one of the two groups of 61 students each using either of the methods. The completion time in hours was taken for each student in the study. The objective is to find the difference in the population means of the two training methods; to identify the most effective method of instruction and to make a final decision on the training program to be used in the future. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS As an alternative to the current training method, a new computer-assisted method was proposed. To evaluate the effectiveness of this method, a class of 122 students was assigned randomly to one of the training methods therefore forming two groups of 61 each. The course completion time taken (in hours) by the students, of both the groups were collected. Descriptive summaries for the completion times of both the methods were obtained using MS Excel tool and the measures of central tendency and variability were hence found so that the data could be understood better. This study involves two populations: a population of students using the current training method and a population of students using the proposed computer-assisted training method. In terms of time required to complete the training program, the population means are as follows:  µ1 = the mean course completion time for students using the current training method  µ2 = the mean course completion time for students using the proposed computer-assisted training method The institute hopes to show that the computer-assisted training method will provide a shorter mean course completion time and that the entire group proceeds together with other aspects for the training. Thus, evidence to conclude that  µ2 is less than  µ1; in this case, the difference between the two population means,  µ1  µ2, will be greater than zero. The research hypothesis  µ1  µ2 gt;0 is stated as the alternative hypothesis. Thus, the hypothesis test becomes H0: The computer-assisted training method does not provide smaller population mean course completion time than the current method i. e. ,  µ1  µ2 ? 0 H1: The computer-assisted training method provides smaller population mean course completion time than the current method i. e. ,  µ1  µ2 gt; 0 The level of significance is taken as 5%. The test statistic‘t’ was performed for this case using the paired t-test analysis tool in MS Excel, with hypothesized mean difference as zero and assuming equal variances. The calculated value and critical value, with ? =0. 05, of the test statistic were found and the rejection rule for the right-sided test (reject H0 if zcal gt; z? ) was used to decide about the validity of the null hypothesis. RESULTS AND FINDINGS The measures of central tendency and variability of the completion time taken by the students who used the two methods were determined. The sample means of course completion time for the current and computer-assisted training method were found to be 75. 066 hours and 75. 426 hours respectively. The sample mean completion time for the proposed method was found to be 21. mins more than that for the current method, which shows that the students on an average have slightly taken more time than earlier. The sample standard deviations for the same were determined as 3. 945 and 2. 506, and the co-efficients of variance were 5. 3% and 3. 3%. The pace of completion is seen to be more consistent and less varying for the entire group using the compute r-assisted method. Also, the maximum time taken for this group is lesser than that taken for the current method. According to the rejection rule for the right-sided test, reject H0 if zcal gt; z?. From the hypothesis testing, it was found that the critical value of the test statistic was 1. 658 and the calculated value was -0. 603. Therefore the decision taken is: Do not reject H0, as there is no enough evidence the computer-assisted training method provides smaller population mean course completion time. As the null hypothesis cannot be rejected there is a possibility for the two population means to be equal. CONCLUSION The alternative system of computer–assisted instruction was proposed in order to improve the pace of the course completion by all the students of the program. Using the current programmed instruction text method, the fast students had to wait until the slow students completed the introductory course before the entire group proceeds together with other aspects of training. This gap in the course completion is expected to be rectified by the new computer-assisted method and also to improve the pace of the learning. The hypothesis testing has shown that there is not enough evidence that the computer-assisted training method provides smaller population mean course completion time i. . for the all the students in the program. Therefore, the new method can be helpful for the whole set of students to complete the course more or less together but may not quicken the completion process. More data is required in order to prove that the new method is more efficient in terms of quicker and more consistent pace of completion. The new method may be more effective with the students getting used to the system and hence the test must be performed again aft er a certain time gap for another course perhaps. Another considerable fact is that the two samples are independent, and so the performance level and the learning speed of the students in the two groups are different. This may have an effect on the pace of course completion and hence, it can be suggested that the test be done with the same set of students for both the methods. The introductory course test may be conducted in two phases: the first using the text method and the second with the computer-assisted method, so that the syllabus is different for each test. Additionally, the data of the performance levels and the learning speed of the students may be included and a multiple regression analysis be done in order to determine their influence on the course completion time taken by the students, therefore enabling to analyze the efficiency of the two methods. In this manner, matched samples of same students can be used to identify the most efficient method of training more accurately. REFERENCES: Ken Black. Business Statistics: Contemporary Decision Making, 3rd ed. Thomson Learning, 2001. Anderson, Sweeny and Williams. Statistics for Business and Economics, 9e. Cengage Learning, 2010.

ECommerce application for Computer Hardware Sale Essay

ECommerce application for Computer Hardware Sale - Essay Example It likewise details what prior investigations have proven and how the current research relates or differs from past efforts. Unanticipated consequences may also be indicated by previous research, whose one's own investigation can investigate (Cooper, 1998, p. 3). To understand where ASP fits into the big picture of Web development, it is necessary to understand the concept of a server-side scripting language. The regular, non-ASP Web pages works when the Web browser on the client computer (the computer belonging to the user) makes a request for a page, say file.html. Assuming the requested file exists on the Web host computer where the Web Server software can find it, that software replies to the request by sending the file back to the browser. Any additional files (images, for example) required to display the page are requested and received in the same way. The protocol used for this exchange, and indeed for all communication between Web browsers and Web servers is called Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) (Liberty, Jesse. Hurwitz, Dan, 2005). This literature is important in the research since the details are able to present a scenario of how ASP is used. In addition to plain HTML code, small programs written in JavaScript can also be run by the web browser while the page is displayed in the browser. Therefore, the Web browser must understand not only how to read HTML and display text and images, but it must also be able to run JavaScript programs appearing inside Web pages. This arrangement, where the Web browser runs the script after receiving it from the Web server, is called client-side scripting (Edwards and Adams, 2006). The Web server is completely oblivious to whether the file it is sending contains a script or not; it is all up to the browser (the client) to handle execution of the script. ASP fits into a different category of technologies, called server-side scripting, where it is no longer the browser running on the client that is responsible for running the script. Instead, it is the Web server that runs the script. In this case, however, the filename ends with .asp (file. asp, for example), branding it as a file containing an ASP script that needs to be processed by the server. The server recognizes this, and instead of directly sending the requested file back to the browser, it sends the file to the ASP scripting engine. The engine is a component of the Web server software that can interpret ASP scripts and output the results as HTML. Just as when the page contained client-side JavaScript and the server was completely unaware of this fact, when the page contains server-side ASP script, the browser does not know this at all. The ASP code contained in the page is interpreted and converted to plain HTML by the ASP engine before the browser gets to see it; so as far a s the browser is concerned an ASP page looks just like any normal Web page. All the work is done on the server-side; thus the name, server-side scripting. (Murach and Boehm, 2006). Jones (1999, p. 368) states that one must make a means to create a table that can accept the rows from many remote databases if a task is given to write the local order-entry application and an ASP.NET page to accept the orders through a secured connection. Changing the data from the laptops is not allowed in this process. Jones views this as a tough problem

Annotated Bibliography Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Annotated Bibliography Example They aim to explore the relation between the three IPTS components and PTSD symptoms. After the research, they established that the acquired capability to commit suicide links directly to re-experiencing the symptoms. However, the researchers explain, through statistical explanation of mental health distress, the relationship of the above established ideologies to disenchanted belongingness and alleged burdensomeness. Additionally, results prove that mental rehearsal of provocative and painful experiences impact on suicide risk. The researchers have created it for other scholars in the same field since it is technical. The study’s strength is that it contains basic information. The jargon forms the quandary in the interpretation, considering that it has insufficient research proof. Finley, E., Baker, M., Pugh, M., & Peterson, A. (2010). Patterns and Perceptions of Intimate Partner Violence Committed by Returning Veterans with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. Journal of Family Violence, 25(8), 737-743. Doi: 10.1007/s10896-010-9331-7 The researchers aim at addressing critical thematic concerns regarding a population of Iraqi and Afghanistan veterans; diagnosed with PTSD. The researcher addresses concerns of IPV among the population sample selected. The researchers come up with two categorical findings, which establish different inclinations towards the main themes under critical study, obviously, regarding IPV among PTSD. Three modes of violence include violence elicited by anger, parasomniac and dissociative. Secondly, common notions on PTSD and suffering-related war influence veterans’ reaction to violence cases against their partners. This study addresses pertinent matters in the expounding of corrective measures or actions to be taken by authorities and organizations in dealing with their workforce stress issues. The study portends benefits of research evidence and

Lerning orgnistion Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5500 words

Lerning orgnistion - Case Study Example In this context, the key str'tegic m'n'gement question is, wh't strengths must 'n org'niz'tion develop to rem'in relev'nt 'nd competitive' This contextu'l shift, implies th't the competitive 'dv'nt'ge, even surviv'l, of enterprises depends on their 'bility to le'rn f'ster th'n their competitors 'nd to 'pply or embed le'rning in systems, processes, 'nd pr'ctices. It is underst'nd'ble th't concepts such 's 'ction le'rning, te'm le'rning, org'niz'tion'l le'rning, work-b'sed le'rning 'nd cross-cultur'l le'rning h've become ' centr'l focus. It is the purpose of this p'per to 'ssist in bridging the g'p by suggesting ' pr'ctic'l 'ppro'ch to workpl'ce le'rning th't is linked with org'niz'tion'l objectives 'nd integr'ted with project m'n'gement. The p'per develops the models of org'niz'tion'l le'rning 'nd work-b'sed le'rning 's well 's provides the discussion of differences in these two 'ppro'ches. The b'rriers to work-b'sed le'rning 're covered in the c'se study th't critic'lly demonstr'ted the 'ppro'ch of org'niz'tion'l le'rning 'nd project-b'sed le'rning on the ex'mple of p'rticul'r org'niz'tion. This p'per h's two p'rts. ... e, even surviv'l, of enterprises depends on their 'bility to le'rn f'ster th'n their competitors 'nd to 'pply or embed le'rning in systems, processes, 'nd pr'ctices. It is underst'nd'ble th't concepts such 's 'ction le'rning, te'm le'rning, org'niz'tion'l le'rning, work-b'sed le'rning 'nd cross-cultur'l le'rning h've become ' centr'l focus. It is the purpose of this p'per to 'ssist in bridging the g'p by suggesting ' pr'ctic'l 'ppro'ch to workpl'ce le'rning th't is linked with org'niz'tion'l objectives 'nd integr'ted with project m'n'gement. The p'per develops the models of org'niz'tion'l le'rning 'nd work-b'sed le'rning 's well 's provides the discussion of differences in these two 'ppro'ches. The b'rriers to work-b'sed le'rning 're covered in the c'se study th't critic'lly demonstr'ted the 'ppro'ch of org'niz'tion'l le'rning 'nd project-b'sed le'rning on the ex'mple of p'rticul'r org'niz'tion. This p'per h's two p'rts. P'rt ' suggests ' model for project-b'sed workpl'ce le'rning th't integr'tes work 'nd le'rning with theory 'nd pr'ctice within ' project m'n'gement fr'me. This 'ppro'ch dr'ws on the liter'ture rel'ting to c'p'bility, org'niz'tion'l le'rning, 'nd project m'n'gement. P'rt B is ' c'se study of the 'pplic'tion of this 'ppro'ch in 'n British public sector 'gency. The lessons le'rned m'y be 'pplied in other settings 'nd 'lso provide opportunities for focused rese'rch on org'niz'tion'l le'rning. P'rt ': ' Model of Project-B'sed Workpl'ce Le'rning 1. Org'niz'tion'l le'rning 't le'st three dilemm's 're r'ised by the liter'ture on org'niz'tion'l le'rning: whether to develop ' le'rning org'niz'tion before developing org'niz'tion'l le'rning; whether to invest consider'ble le'd time to develop (or 'd'pt) the preconditions 'nd co-requisites for effective

Art, Drama, Music and Elements of Play

Art, Drama, Music and Elements of Play Art is important. Even as adults, we do enjoy engaging in different form of arts. The art has been associated with private leisure experience, separated from the main business of life. The arts are naturally playful however we should not associate it as unrealistic or lack of seriousness (Swanwick, 1988). Playing is part of learning and arts can help children flourish personally and emotionally (Swanwick, 1988). The arts are complementary part of a broad education; the arts when taught well can help raise attainment in other areas as they are intimately entwined with other learning areas (Arts in Schools Project, 1990). Drama comes naturally to young children and they are often engaging in pretend play. Children dramatic experience should be supported in school with activities that develop the childs ability to use his or her imagination, body and voice. Drama allows preschoolers to express themselves freely and interact with others. Some dramatic activities in which have been conducted in class since the taught module was drama games and role-play. The activities conducted were the Jungle game (similar to fruit salad) and freeze game. Through the activities, the children were encouraged to explore the limitations and the possibilities of movement inside a given space. The children learnt to share space with others and how to relate to others playful way. They explored how space, and people or objects in space, can have symbolic and dramatic meanings (Winston and Tandy, 2009). During the period of time, we were working on the theme of animals, thus I made use of some of the games taught during the module and modified a little. The children were from the age range 4 to 6 years old. There were two new children who were in the class for less than a month. They were Chinese expatriate and did not understand English. One child was more shy and withdrawn. He usually only interacts with the other child who was also from China. However during the activity, all the children were seen engaging in the activity. At first during Jungle game the children were given new role which are different types of animals in the jungle. They had to swopped places when their animals were called; when hunter is called out, everyone had to swop places. In the process, some children were seen knocking into each other and most only went to the few seats away from them. However, after a few rounds with the game, they were able to explore the possible movement inside the specified place. The children were able to explore and share the space without knocking into each other. Even the two China boys were able to engage in the activity and pretended to be the animals by imitating their movements as they move in the circle. As for the freeze game, the children pretended to be animals moving in the jungle, avoiding to be caught by the hunter. It was surprised that the children imitated the sounds of the animals as they moved when it was not told to them that they had to. It was amazing how dramatic games can lead children into different world showing their different side and creativity. Another activity conducted was interview of the character in the story. During that period we were working on the theme of animals, thus I made use of the story The forest child and pretended to be the hunter. The children were really involved in the activity and took turns to ask questions. That was the first time that we engaged in this kind of activity thus the children were excited and eager to ask questions. After several questions, I was surprised that the boys from China actually put up their hands and asked question: Why you so angry. I did not think that they could understand the activity we were engaging in, not to even say ask question using English language, which was a foreign language to them. Through this activity, the children could enter into the world of the story and try to find solutions. As the children are familiarised with the activity, they took turns to be the hunter. Through the activities, the children learnt to take turns by respecting others contribution, develop spatial awareness, and explore own body possibilities through imitating of different characters. Minimum props were used during the activities to encourage more imagination. Through imaginative play, children are experimenting with and learning how to manage the core elements of drama, those of time, space, people, action objects and subject matter (Winston and Tandy, 2009). Drama is a great way in providing children the opportunities to learn about themselves and others. It encourages interaction with each other and learn about body and spatial awareness. During drama, children are also encouraged to think differently. During role-play, they can become others, enhancing the creativity, and encouraging them to think about what certain people might think, say, or do in a given situation. It allows children to hide behind a mask and to be different. Music Music is a way of knowing the life of feeling (Langer as cited in Swanwick, 1988). In our preschool setting, we did not have much chance for musical activity during lesson time. It was usually during enrichment programmes which several children will go for their music lessons. During the module, many fun and meaningful activities were taught which could be implemented into the preschool setting. The activity that was conducted with the children was making music through musical instruments. I made used of the activities planned with my group during the module presentation, which was regarding the story of Big Al. The children were provided with musical instruments such as bells, tambourine, cymbal, maracas, drum, triangle and some other traditional musical instruments that were made of bamboos. The children were given the opportunities to choose and play the instruments according to different emotions and scenarios of the story. Music was combined with drama work in this case. Half of the children in the class acted out the story while the others created effects for the dramatisation using the instruments. The children had to imagine that they were in the story. According to Swanwick (1988), young children enjoy very loud and very soft sounds and are fascinated by tone and timbre and they can begin to see music as expressive. It can be observed during the activity. The childr en enjoyed exploring the loudness of sound produced from musical instrument. When it was exciting situation, they played the music fast and loud, and soft when sad. They were able to determine the speed of music by playing the various musical instruments. The children were able to create different expression using music. During the activity, two older boys were observed to be leading the group in the change of the music. Working in cross-age groups enables younger children to observe and learn from more experienced learners, while the opportunity to scaffold the learning of younger children enables the older children to clarify their thinking (Duffy, 1998, p.116). According to Duffy (1998), children need sufficient place to work and easily accessible resources if they are to make the best use of creative and imaginative experiences. Thus educators should provide more experience for art activities even when outside of lessons. After the module, I tried the method of giving the children freedom of recording. Recorder was introduced to the children and it was placed in the music corner in the classroom. After a week, to my surprised, I heard the voices of the two boys from China with a few other children from the recording. At first they said their name and begun humming some unfamiliar music (probably self-composed) with accompany of the musical instruments. When they sang louder, the music became louder too. This showed that they could make use of the tempo and dynamics according to the different emotions. There was expression in the music formed. Through the activities, the children could develop musical awareness and skills in terms of tempo and dynamics. Elements of play According to Swanwick (1998), the three elements of play significant to learning through arts are mastery, imitation and imaginative play. All these three elements were evident during the implementation of the activities. For mastery, the children were able to learn to work with others to make dramatic meaning and control of the musical instruments, keeping consistent rhythm. For imitation, the children were able to deal with the expressive nature of the art form. They were able to make musical sounds that suggest different scenarios. Lastly for imaginative play, the children could experiment with musical instruments until it suggest the appropriate scenario. The children were also seen experimenting with different movement during dramatic play. Practice motivates children as practice teaches them how to concentrate which in turns leads them to appreciate and enjoy the beauty of art they are learning and the pleasures of producing work of quality (Winston, 2010, p.77). If we wish chi ldren to be creative, we should ensure that all children feel valued and accepted; thus children will feel secure to take risks or make mistakes (Duffy, 1998). That was apparent in the case of the two Chinese boys who were at first withdrawn from the group and slowly got into the activities, engaging with the others. Conclusion As children grow, it seems that much of the school day is taken up by core subjects; creativity and imagination are often treated as additional or luxury. Thus it is the role of the educators in helping to ensure that the children have opportunities to engage in creative and imaginative experience (Duffy, 1998). A cross-curricular approach allows us to draw on the appeal ad potential of creative experiences to encourage learning and development in all areas of the curriculum. Children should be active participants in their learning. With appropriate planning, we can connect art with many other areas of the curriculum. This can provide valuable opportunities to place learning in real life experience by making stories and living through them, rather than hearing them told by the teacher. Arts provide creative release for children; children will have fun while they are learn, enhancing a lifelong desire for learning.

The Machine Gun Essay -- Weapon, Volley Guns, Gatlings Gun

No other weapon in my opinion has changed the face of the battlefield as has the machine gun. It's design and and association with mass death makes it a great and powerful weapon. Two men, Hiram Maxim and Richard Gatling, made huge impacts in the development of the Machine Gun and bringing it to use in the military. These two brilliant men designed capable and reliable versions of Machine guns in a time when everyone was making unreliable models. However before we get into discussion about the inventions of Hiram Maxim and Richard Gatling, it's important to understand how machine guns were developed. â€Å"Volley Guns† (Chivers, 2010, p.26) or also known as â€Å"Organ Guns† (Ellis, 1975, p.10) were first attempts at increasing firepower by adding several barrels at the firing itself, rather than simply attempting to increase the rate of fire. â€Å"Gunsmiths had long ago learned to place barrels side by side on frames to create firearms capable of discharging projectiles in rapid succession. These unwieldy devices, or volley guns, were capable in theory of blasting a hole in a line of advancing soldiers† (Chivers, 2010, p.26). An example of such weapons can be seen on July 28, 1835 when Giuseppe Fieshi unleashed terror on King Louis-Phillipe in Paris, France. He fired his 25 barrel â€Å"volley gun†, killing 18 of the king's entourage and grazing the King's skull. The weapon was ineffective however. Four of the barrels failed and another four ruptured. Two other barrels had exploded inside, grievously wounding Giuseppe. (Chivers, 2010, p. 27) These kinds of weapons were impractical for military use, but attracted many people to the arms race for weapons that could sweep the battlefield. â€Å"They had limitations in practice, among them slow re... ...rounds per minute, all with just the pull of the trigger. The recoil operation was a milestone in machine gun development. Warfare had truly changed. â€Å"Point a machine, and killing men was like killing bugs† (Chivers, 2010, p.85). It used new forms of cartridges which were placed on a belt that was automatically fed into the gun via the recoil operation. By World War I, most countries involved had used the Maxim Machine gun. Russia, Britain, Germany, Austria, Italy, and Switzerland bought Maxim machine guns. Russia and Germany each had about 16,000 Maxim guns. The United States however remained true to the Gatling (Chivers, 2010, p.90). They were either not yet interested in the Maxim or could not due to the fact it was still under orders to purchase American-made arms. Machine guns had made their mark, and their deadly force was becoming even more apparent.

Holy Spirit and Servant Evangelism Essay

In thinking of what I have learned through this course, I am forced to admit I have always known the importance of being an active witness. I was not raised in church and developed â€Å"unbelief† in God through my teenage years. When I was saved, I was radically saved. The Lord became real to me and I told everyone I knew what the Lord had done for me. So excited was I about my newfound salvation and faith in God, I believe that I may have turned off some of my friends. One friend in particular was under such conviction that his internal struggle was very plain outwardly on his face, and yet he would not take the final step of surrender; possibly because I had been too excited and frightened him off. Early Experiences Today I have certainly not lost my joy, but I have learned a few things on how to be patient and wait on the prodding of the Lord instead of always jumping into a situation with Gospel guns blazing. Of course there is no joy like the joy of leading someone to the Lord. The oldest and probably one of the most exciting encounters I have had with someone was a 67 year old man who had a reputation of drinking too much. He had visited our church on occasion and one Monday night, a deacon from our church and I went to this man’s house and visited with him. We talked about the weather and other unimportant things. When I felt the time was right, I asked him how he felt when he came to church. He admitted he felt that people stared at him and made him very uncomfortable. I felt in my spirit that it was nothing more than conviction he really felt. I asked him if he were to die tonight, would he go to heaven? He answered, â€Å"No†. I asked if I could share just a few verses with him and he agreed. I employed the Share Jesus without Fear method. I have used this method many times because I believe in the power of the Holy Spirit using the actual Word of God read out loud. We went through the verses. He agreed he was a sinner, he agreed he needed a Saviour, and he said he was ready to accept Him into his life. He prayed a heart-felt prayer and stood up born-again at 67 years old. Not all my experiences are exactly positive, however. The first time I tried to share the good news of salvation in Jesus with one of my closest friends, he laughed at me, told me I was crazy, and that it wouldn’t last. Initially it hurt, but I recalled the scripture from Acts 5:41 which says, And they departed from the presence of the council, rejoicing that they were counted worthy to suffer shame for his name. I left my friend with such an overwhelming feeling of joy that I was counted worthy to suffer a little shame for His name. Challenging My Thinking Obviously I am not a stranger to witnessing but I was blind-sided by one aspect of the evangelism class: Servant Evangelism. I have always been one to go out and go through the scriptures with someone. Almost a â€Å"street-witnessing† type of head-on evangelism. As I began to read and study about servant evangelism, I became convicted about the lack of it in my life. I can see where servant evangelism certainly has its place in a believer’s life. Servant evangelism is built upon love for fellow man and there is no greater calling on a believer than to love people, saved and lost. When asked in Matthew 22:37-39 what the greatest commandment is, the Lord Jesus responded, †¦Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind. This is the first and great commandment. And the second is like unto it, Thou shalt love thy neighbour as thyself. Loving others is the very next commandment after loving God. Servant evangelism is God’s love in action. This is exactly why the word â€Å"charity† is used in many places in the King James Bible. Charity is not merely â€Å"love†, but rather â€Å"love in action†, which is the real meaning behind what God means for us to demonstrate to others. It is the â€Å"incarnational lifestyle† that I am working toward integrating more into my life on a daily basis. As stated by Dr. Wheeler and Dr. Earley in their book Evangelism Is: How to Share Jesus with Passion and Confidence, â€Å"the essence of this lifestyle is wrapping our faith in the flesh of daily living! Specifically, it is authentically living out our faith in every situation.†. (p 214) A Deeper Desire Since beginning this class, personal evangelism and certainly servant evangelism has taken on a whole new meaning in my life. I have a renewed desire to be a witness for the Lord and I have been praying toward that goal. In those prayers I have become aware of my need for a measure of God’s wisdom and an awareness of what people are saying to me and how they are saying it, so that I may know what to say to those I encounter. I want to truly surrender to the Holy Spirit Who, I believe, will give me the necessary wisdom regarding what I need to say, how to say it, and when I need it if I will trust in Him. As far as being aware of what people are saying and how they are saying it, this depends largely on my willingness to listen. Dr. Wheeler spoke in one of his videos about listening in today’s world and how rare it really is. In our fast-paced society today, being distracted, distant, and impersonal is almost the norm. Therefore, having the ability to spend some precious time with a person and really listen to them is a valuable witnessing tool.(p 229). If the Lord Jesus is our ultimate example, we must take into account His listening skills. The story of the woman at the well is a perfect example. The reason the Lord connected with this woman is not because He talked to her, but because He listened to her. If I want to reach that goal of being a more effective servant evangelist and witness, then I realize that to listen like Jesus, is a must-have skill.(p 229) Learning to Listen I have always heard that a good listener is born, not made. I believe this statement is in error. If a person has a desire to learn to listen, particularly out of their love for God and a love for His people, the skill of listening can be acquired. First, one must understand the various levels of listening. These levels are from worst to best, as follows: Ignoring Unfortunately, this seems to be the most common level in our society today. We live in a world of almost constant distraction. Cell phones, internet, television, MP3 players, and more are vying for our attention. Because of this, it is very easy to become unaware of the needs of people, even those directly around us. It is a lie from the devil that tells us we are too busy to get involved or that we have too many of our own problems too worry about someone else’s. Pretend Listening Again, with all the distractions listed above, many people try to multi-task, texting, typing, or reading, and thereby reduce the importance and uniqueness of another person to just another distraction. Selective Listening This type of listening goes hand-in-hand with pretend listening. This type hears only what really interests the hearer, while dispensing the rest. One must remember what is not important to one may be vitally important to the other. Attentive Listening This level of listening involves complete attention, involving both eye contact and body language with a singular focus on the speaker. Real evangelism requires this kind of attention. Empathetic Listening As one might assume, â€Å"empathetic† involves an empathic attitude in listening; to really care about what the speaker is saying and how they feel. This is the highest level of listening and the highest level of connection with the speaker. (P 230) Needed Changes It goes without saying that if one is not growing and moving forward, one is stagnant or moving backward. I have recognized through this course the need to add some things to my faith. According to 2 Peter 1:5-8, it is not enough to just be saved and stop there, we must add certain qualities like temperance, patience, and charity to our faith, that we may grow spiritually. The result of this is given in verse 8, For if these things be in you, and abound, they make you that ye shall neither be barren nor unfruitful in the knowledge of our Lord Jesus Christ. It is indeed fruitfulness in evangelism that has been at the forefront of my mind throughout this class. I have prayed on occasion for the lost when they happen to be on my mind. A change I realize I must incorporate into my regular prayer life is to have a list of lost people I know from my sphere of influence that I may pray for daily. Not only for the lost, but for myself and how I approach them also, praying for things like the wisdom of God I mentioned before. I also realize I need to pray for God’s compassion for the lost that I may pray for them and approach them with a genuine heart and not just as a Gospel soul-winning project. I want to have a better understanding of the needs people have in their lives and how they feel. I have learned that most men feel trapped in the rat race, they are under challenged in today’s society or have lost touch with their masculinity.(p217-218 art of evan) Women have completely different feelings such as the need to be wanted and for companionship, they need emotional support and support from their parents. (p219 art of personal evan) I have heard many people say that they pray for opportunities to witness. I understand what they are saying and I believe that their hearts are in the right place, however I look around me and I see the opportunities are everywhere. I just need love and boldness to share. In my quest to incorporate daily prayer for the lost into my life, I found a prayer outline by Doctors Wheeler and Earley to be very helpful in giving direction.

The influx of foreign worker Essays

The influx of foreign worker Essays The influx of foreign worker Essay The influx of foreign worker Essay On the other hand, rate of unemployed Malaysian increases as Job opportunity being taken away. The employer prefer to hire foreign workers as they are willing to accept lower pay from the locals especially In the lower skilled Jobs. Consequently, the Jobs opening for the locals are diminishing as they have to compete with the foreigners . The burden will be put on the government as social welfare expenses will be higher. The influx of foreign workers coming to Malaysia will also cause reduced national income. No doubt the main cause of their coming is to work and make a living. This has resulted in huge outflow of Malaysian currency to the foreign workers origin country and decreases the values of Ringing Malaysia. One major drawback is that the workers ought to send some money wages back to their home country for their family, instead of spending it. Another point Is that the Increases of crime rate In our country. There are foreign workers who come here do not have adequate wages and do not have a Job for retrain period . Thus, they will face financial difficulties as the cost of living will be the burden. As a result, Involving in the criminal activities happen such as burglary, theft-lifting, rape and riots. Criminal activities that often occur not only threaten their own safety but also will affect the image of our country. The influx of foreign workers into Malaysia is not a new phenomenon. Looking at the concern issues, it is a task for the government to search for a mechanism in order to engage and control this phenomenon before it become worse. Majority of community consider them as troublemakers who should be thrown away. However, are foreign workers only have an adverse effect, or Is It something good comes despite the presence of these foreign workers? In conclusion, its important to have some control over the use of foreign workers and to make sure that using them does not disrupt the labor market for local workers . But, Malaysia is still in need of foreign workers in order to maintain economic growth. Therefore, the government plays an important role on balancing the situation so that the policy of having foreign workers in Malaysia will have maximum benefit to the country. The influx of foreign worker By equally lower pay from the locals especially in the lower skilled Jobs. Consequently, the Jobs Another point is that the increases of crime rate in our country. There are foreign the burden. As a result, involving in the criminal activities happen such as burglary, are foreign workers only have an adverse effect, or is it something good comes.

Comparing Entrepreneurs from Different Industries essay

Comparing Entrepreneurs from Different Industries essay Comparing Entrepreneurs from Different Industries essay Comparing Entrepreneurs from Different Industries essayBasing on module literature, in particular, Stokes et al. (2010), Bornstein(2004), and Zimmerer and Scarborough (2005), entrepreneurship can be defined from different perspectives, such as: 1) activities aimed at maximizing profits; 2) proactive activities of citizens on producing goods and services aimed at making a profit; 3) direct function of the realization of property, its main production function; 4) organizational innovation process aimed at making a profit; 5) actions aimed at increasing the capital, developing the production and appropriation of profit; and 6) a specific type of activity aimed at a relentless search for changes in the existing forms of life of enterprises and society, continued implementation of these changes. As Wickham (2006) reasonably notes, most practitioners and researchers focus on making a profit, considering it as the ultimate goal of business. However, the ultimate goal of business is not so much profit as the continuity of the production process associated with the reproduction of demand and satisfaction of the ever-changing, ever-increasing needs of the individual or social group, and society as a whole.In this context, entrepreneurship can be more properly defined as a process of continuous search for changes in needs, the end-user demand for products and services, meeting this need by organizing production, sales, marketing, logistics, and management focused on the best innovations that bring maximum performance in each of the stages of the reproduction process. We thus consider entrepreneurship to be not just a business, but a style of management based on the principles of innovation, anti-bureaucracy, constant initiative, focus on innovations in production processes, marketing, distribution and consumption of goods and services. To fit this understanding of entrepreneurship, our final project focuses on two outstanding innovators Elon Musk and Jeff Bezos, the lead ers of vehicle production and e-commence industries respectively.Justifying the ChoiceOn a whole, we see entrepreneur as a true creator, who comes up with new products, opens new niches, and knows how to make money where others would pass by. In this regard, Elon Musk, the creator of PayPal, SpaceX, and Tesla Motors, is worth recognition due to the unusual combination of energy, innovation and unswerving desire to produce a quality product in all the areas of business he is engaged into. Investing funds into incredible, inspiring projects, Musk is totally changing our world with challenging ideas, like the mass production of electric vehicles, the project of commercial suborbital flights, the global system of satellite Internet, the introduction of solar stations, or transport capsule system Hyperloop. For instance, Musk’s Tesla Motors has become a real discovery, and its shares have risen by more than 300% during 2013 (Storm, 2014). To a certain extent, we can say that inves tors were willing to endow not only to the company, but also to the personality of its CEO, who has recently received the title of the CEO of the year by MarketWatch.In his turn, Jeff Bezos who started his business in a garage, stands out as a leader for transforming a trading company Amazon.com into a truly high-tech multi-sector hypermarket and bring it up to the value of $100 billion. Today Amazon.com is the best known, most popular, and most visited online store in the world, while its creator is acknowledged as a top executive in accordance with according to Forbes ranking. Indeed, Bezos has an exceptional entrepreneurial talent: having faced the Internet for the first time, he saw the opportunities that almost no one saw, i.e. its future in commerce. Obviously, there were others who had a premonition of something similar (e.g, Pierre Omidyar of eBay), but Bezos’ vision was so clear and Amazon.com website so attractive that it has become a symbol of e-commerce almost sin ce the first day.Therefore, we believe that the experience and talent of these two entrepreneurs could have a valuable effect of our perception of various business processes.Elon Musk ProfileElon Reeve Musk is a Canadian-American engineer, entrepreneur, inventor and investor of the South African origin; billionaire founder, owner and CEO of SpaceX, Tesla Motors, PayPal, and several other successful companies, as well as the chief designer of Chief Product Architect, and the head of the board of directors at SolarCity, who has achieved considerable success in the field of information technology, rocket and car production.Musk got his first profit at 12, when he sold Blast Star, a video game he developed in the style of Space Invaders, and invested the gained $500 in the shares of a pharmaceutical company (Pauline, 2012). One of Musk’s first projects was the Zip2 service which specializes in software for news companies. In 1999 Compaq bought Zip2 for $307 million, of which Musk received 7% and invested in the creation of his second startup, X.com. After the merger with Confinity, X.com turned into a well-known online payment service PayPal. In 2002, PayPal was sold to online auction site eBay for $1.5 billion, of which Elon Musk personally received $165 million. At the moment, about 140 million people use the services of PayPal (Pauline, 2012; Storm, 2014).Before the moment the sale of PayPal company was completed, Musk pondered over how much would it cost to organize an expedition to Mars, and decided that he could reduce the cost of rocket launch by 10 times. Musk invested $100 million into his new company SpaceX, but a few trial launches of the rocket Falcon 1, including the one with an army satellite on board, ended in a catastrophe (Storm, 2014). Nevertheless, Elon Musk and his team did not give up, and eventually they managed to build several quite functional and prospective spacecraft, such as Falcon 9 launch vehicle, Falcon 9 Heavy and a space shu ttle Dragon SpaceX. NASA estimated that creation of Falcon 9 was supposed to cost $3.9 billion, but SpaceX fit in $300 million (Pauline, 2012). Musk’s company also offers the lowest rates in the world for the delivery of cargo into orbit. Today SpaceX has contracts for $4 billion with only a third coming from NASA and the rest accounted to private companies (Elon Musk Official Website, 2014). By May 2014, Falcon 9 carried out 9 launches.Along the way, in 2003, Musk became a co-founder of the company producing electric vehicles Tesla Motors. In 2008, Tesla Roadster was the first all-electric car in serial production costing $110 thousand, and in 2012 Tesla started selling sedan Model S targeted at a wider audience at the price of $50 thousand. As a result, Tesla Model S has become the main achievement of the company, has received numerous Car of the Year awards and has completely changed the situation on the market of sedans. In June 2010, Tesla Motors conducts IPO, the first IPO of an automotive company in the US since 1956, when Ford entered the stock market. Tesla Motors turnover increased from $413.3 million in 2012 to $2.013 billion in 2013 (Storm, 2014). In the last quarter, the sales of electric vehicles exceeded 5.5 thousand pieces, which is a serious market share of luxury-class cars (Elon Musk Official Website, 2014).Despite the fact that Tesla Motors and SpaceX were close to bankruptcy in 2007-2008, each of these companies is now changing the face of the industry, while Elon Musk is one of the world’s most successful businessmen. Last year, Fortune Magazine named him the businessman of the year, and The Wall Street Journal called Musk the CEO of the year.Jeff Bezos ProfileJeffrey Preston ‘Jeff’ Bezos is an American businessman, head and founder of Amazon.com, the world’s largest company selling goods and services via the Internet, as well as the owner of The Washington Post publishing house.After graduating from Prin ceton University in 1986, Bezos worked on Wall Street in the field of computer programming (Stone, 2014). Due to the network for financial transactions that Jeff developed for the Fitel Company, he was noticed by David Shaw, president of D. E. Shaw Co. His duties of the vice president now included coming to work only when inspiration occurred and thinking about new areas of business and insurance, software and, finally, a little-known Internet. That was when analyzing the possible undeveloped sales market, Bezos came to the conclusion that of all the goods sold by mailing books were the least popular, as there were no major catalogues (Stone, 2014).In 1994 Bezos left Shaw’s company, invested his parents’ $300 thousand, and became the founder and CEO of his own company Amazon.com, which would sell books through the Internet. The site was launched July 16, 1995, although at that time it was not completed, for example one could order a negative number of books on the web site, and employees had to pack the book standing on their knees on the concrete floor of a small basement. However, despite the fact that at first glance Amazon seemed to be pathetic amateur business, the site has grown rapidly since the first day. In October, sales for the first time reached a hundred of books a day. Less than a year later Amazon was selling a hundred books per hour (Amazon.com Official Website, 2014).Besides the fact that Bezos was the first to create an online store, he was the first to post links to his store on other sites, and for that he paid the site owners a percent from each purchase made after transition from their website (Rossman, 2014). Other innovations of Bezos include the possibility for readers to post their own reviews and evaluate them, as well as a customized selection of a â€Å"showcase.† Amazon.com was soon successfully competing with the largest bookselling company of the US Barnes Noble, who sold their books in the traditional way . In 1997, Amazon.com entered the IPO, and already in 1999 the shares of Amazon.com grew five times in price (Stone, 2014).Currently, Amazon.com offers to purchase not only books: the service covers 34 categories of goods, including movies, video games, consumer electronics, toys, food, household goods, furniture, sporting goods and more (Amazon.com Official Website, 2014). Over the past five years, Amazon shares rose by 397% and now the company with annual revenues of $48 billion is estimated at $100 billion; the businessman himself with the capital of around $25 billion belongs to the 20 richest people in the world (Stone, 2014; Rossman, 2014).Comparing Entrepreneurs from   Different Industries essay part 2

MGT(3900) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

MGT(3900) - Essay Example She says that a smile is very valuable in her job because it makes her look very approachable and likeable which is very advantageous to the business. According to Sharon, one of her jobs is to ascertain customer’s needs and this is perhaps the most important part of her job because when the customers are satisfied with the quality service the company provides through the salesperson, the company grows as a result of clients being faithful to the company and also may help by recommending the company to friends and relatives. She also presents company products and services to the customers. She is always exposed to a lot of people from different walks of life and Sharon says that this makes her job most interesting. She is a natural sociable person and communicating with people is one of the things she loves because she learns a lot from them. However, she says that the job is tiring especially during holidays and summer vacations because these are the times they have many clie nts. She says that technology makes her job a lot

Colour and Culture Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Colour and Culture - Assignment Example he color is considered powerful and forbidding especially when not accompanied by another color, when black is accompanied by other colors such as white, it symbolizes elegance and formality. For as much as the Japanese culture has existed, the white color has been used to represent purity and cleanliness and in their religion it is considered as a blessed color (Addiss, Rimer, & Groemer, 2006). The white color is used in happy events such as weddings and other joyful life events. The color is even used in the Japanese national flag due to their respect for culture. According to the Japanese culture, the red color represents powerful ideas and energy. The color is also used to symbolize love and sexual desires. It is used in their national flag to show that their country is rich in ideas and has power. The blue color symbolizes a state of purity and cleanliness and this belief was drawn from the blue waters surrounding the islands in japan. Blue color also shows calmness and stability (Addiss, Rimer, & Groemer, 2006). The color is majorly worn by females to represent purity and cleanliness especially in unmarried women. Green color symbolizes fertility and progression of the culture. It is mainly associated with the youth to show their vitality and energy to grow. The green color also symbolizes eternity and most of the things to be preserved for many years are painted green (Addiss, Rimer, & Groemer,